oraenv dùng để gán giá trị cho các biến ORACLE_BASE ORACLE_HOME ORACLE_SID để móc vào Oracle database.
Khi làm việc với Oracle database dù là 11g hay 12c, 18c, 19c, 21c bạn đã từng gặp lỗi này
ORA-12162: TNS:net service name is incorrectly specified
SP2-0157: unable to CONNECT to ORACLE after 3 attempts, exiting SQL*Plus
là do môi trường bạn đang đứng chưa có giá trị của 3 biến trên vậy thì hãy xài oraenv để chữa lành ngay và luôn đi :d.
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sun Apr 21 16:31:56 2024
Version 21.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2021, Oracle. All rights reserved.
ERROR:
ORA-12162: TNS:net service name is incorrectly specified
Enter user-name:
ERROR:
ORA-12162: TNS:net service name is incorrectly specified
Enter user-name:
ERROR:
ORA-12162: TNS:net service name is incorrectly specified
SP2-0157: unable to CONNECT to ORACLE after 3 attempts, exiting SQL*Plus
. oraenv
ORACLE_SID = [oracle] ? orcl
ORACLE_HOME = [/home/oracle] ? /home/oracle/database
The Oracle base remains unchanged with value /u01/app/oracle
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sun Apr 21 16:32:18 2024
Version 21.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2021, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 21c Enterprise Edition Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 21.3.0.0.0
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 21c Enterprise Edition Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 21.3.0.0.0hoặc lỗi Oracle database hiếm gặp này do chúng tôi chủ động test.
sqlplus / as sysdba
Error 6 initializing SQL*Plus
SP2-0667: Message file sp1<lang>.msb not found
SP2-0750: You may need to set ORACLE_HOME to your Oracle software directory
. oraenv
ORACLE_SID = [oracle] ? orcl
ORACLE_HOME = [/home/oracle] ? /home/oracle/database
The Oracle base has been set to /u01/app/oracle
sqlplus / as sysdba
SQL*Plus: Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Production on Sun Apr 21 16:30:04 2024
Version 21.3.0.0.0
Copyright (c) 1982, 2021, Oracle. All rights reserved.
Connected to:
Oracle Database 21c Enterprise Edition Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 21.3.0.0.0
SQL> exit
Disconnected from Oracle Database 21c Enterprise Edition Release 21.0.0.0.0 - Production
Version 21.3.0.0.0oraenv là lệnh viết bằng shell script. Để sớm trở thành chuyên gia Oracle database hoặc bậc thầy Oracle database, bạn cần đọc hiểu 100% code của lệnh oraenv bên dưới, chúc bạn thành công.
#!/bin/sh
#
# $Header: buildtools/scripts/oraenv.sh /linuxamd64/7 2020/02/28 11:58:53 josepe Exp $ oraenv.sh.pp Copyr (c) 1991 Oracle
#
# Copyright (c) 1991, 2020, Oracle and/or its affiliates. All rights reserved.
#
# This routine is used to condition a Bourne shell user's environment
# for access to an ORACLE database. It should be installed in
# the system local bin directory.
#
# The user will be prompted for the database SID, unless the variable
# ORAENV_ASK is set to NO, in which case the current value of ORACLE_SID
# is used.
# An asterisk '*' can be used to refer to the NULL SID.
#
# 'dbhome' is called to locate ORACLE_HOME for the SID. If
# ORACLE_HOME cannot be located, the user will be prompted for it also.
# The following environment variables are set:
#
# ORACLE_SID Oracle system identifier
# ORACLE_HOME Top level directory of the Oracle system hierarchy
# PATH Old ORACLE_HOME/bin removed, new one added
# ORACLE_BASE Top level directory for storing data files and
# diagnostic information.
#
# usage: . oraenv
#
# NOTE: Due to constraints of the shell in regard to environment
# ----- variables, the command MUST be prefaced with ".". If it
# is not, then no permanent change in the user's environment
# can take place.
#
#####################################
#
# process aruments
#
SILENT='';
if [ $# -gt 0 ]; then
for arg in $@
do
if [ "$arg" = "-s" ]; then
SILENT='true'
fi
done
fi
case ${ORACLE_TRACE:-""} in
T) set -x ;;
esac
#
# Determine how to suppress newline with echo command.
#
N=
C=
if echo "\c" | grep c >/dev/null 2>&1; then
N='-n'
else
C='\c'
fi
#
# Set minimum environment variables
#
# ensure that OLDHOME is non-null
if [ ${ORACLE_HOME:-0} = 0 ]; then
OLDHOME=$PATH
else
OLDHOME=$ORACLE_HOME
fi
case ${ORAENV_ASK:-""} in #ORAENV_ASK suppresses prompt when set
NO) NEWSID="$ORACLE_SID" ;;
*) case "$ORACLE_SID" in
"") ORASID=$LOGNAME ;;
*) ORASID=$ORACLE_SID ;;
esac
echo $N "ORACLE_SID = [$ORASID] ? $C"
read NEWSID
case "$NEWSID" in
"") ORACLE_SID="$ORASID" ;;
*) ORACLE_SID="$NEWSID" ;;
esac ;;
esac
export ORACLE_SID
ORAHOME=`dbhome "$ORACLE_SID"`
case $? in
0) ORACLE_HOME=$ORAHOME ;;
*) echo $N "ORACLE_HOME = [$ORAHOME] ? $C"
read NEWHOME
case "$NEWHOME" in
"") ORACLE_HOME=$ORAHOME ;;
*) ORACLE_HOME=$NEWHOME ;;
esac ;;
esac
export ORACLE_HOME
#
# Reset LD_LIBRARY_PATH
#
case ${LD_LIBRARY_PATH:-""} in
*$OLDHOME/lib*) LD_LIBRARY_PATH=`echo $LD_LIBRARY_PATH | \
sed "s;$OLDHOME/lib;$ORACLE_HOME/lib;g"` ;;
*$ORACLE_HOME/lib*) ;;
"") LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib ;;
*) LD_LIBRARY_PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/lib:$LD_LIBRARY_PATH ;;
esac
export LD_LIBRARY_PATH
#
# Put new ORACLE_HOME in path and remove old one
#
case "$OLDHOME" in
"") OLDHOME=$PATH ;; #This makes it so that null OLDHOME can't match
esac #anything in next case statement
case "$PATH" in
*$OLDHOME/bin*) PATH=`echo $PATH | \
sed "s;$OLDHOME/bin;$ORACLE_HOME/bin;g"` ;;
*$ORACLE_HOME/bin*) ;;
*:) PATH=${PATH}$ORACLE_HOME/bin: ;;
"") PATH=$ORACLE_HOME/bin ;;
*) PATH=$PATH:$ORACLE_HOME/bin ;;
esac
export PATH
# Locate "osh" and exec it if found
ULIMIT=`LANG=C ulimit 2>/dev/null`
if [ $? = 0 -a "$ULIMIT" != "unlimited" ] ; then
if [ "$ULIMIT" -lt 2113674 ] ; then
if [ -f $ORACLE_HOME/bin/osh ] ; then
exec $ORACLE_HOME/bin/osh
else
for D in `echo $PATH | tr : " "`
do
if [ -f $D/osh ] ; then
exec $D/osh
fi
done
fi
fi
fi
#set the value of ORACLE_BASE in the environment.
#
# Use the orabase executable from the corresponding ORACLE_HOME, since
# the ORACLE_BASE of different ORACLE_HOMEs can be different.
#
# If orabase can not determine a value then oraenv returns with either ORACLE_BASE
# as it was or set ORACLE_BASE to $ORACLE_HOME if it was not set earlier.
#
#
# The existing value of ORACLE_BASE is used to inform the user if the orabase
# determines the value of ORACLE_BASE. In case, oraenv can not determine a
# value then the user is informed with the previous ORACLE_BASE or with the
# $ORACLE_HOME.
ORABASE_EXEC=$ORACLE_HOME/bin/orabase
if [ ${ORACLE_BASE:-"x"} != "x" ]; then
OLD_ORACLE_BASE=$ORACLE_BASE
unset ORACLE_BASE
export ORACLE_BASE
else
OLD_ORACLE_BASE=""
fi
if [ -r $ORACLE_HOME/install/orabasetab -o -r $ORACLE_HOME/inventory/ContentsXML/oraclehomeproperties.xml ]; then
if [ -f $ORABASE_EXEC ]; then
if [ -x $ORABASE_EXEC ]; then
ORACLE_BASE=`$ORABASE_EXEC`
# did we have a previous value for ORACLE_BASE
if [ ${OLD_ORACLE_BASE:-"x"} != "x" ]; then
if [ $OLD_ORACLE_BASE != $ORACLE_BASE ]; then
if [ "$SILENT" != "true" ]; then
echo "The Oracle base has been changed from $OLD_ORACLE_BASE to $ORACLE_BASE"
fi
else
if [ "$SILENT" != "true" ]; then
echo "The Oracle base remains unchanged with value $OLD_ORACLE_BASE"
fi
fi
else
if [ "$SILENT" != "true" ]; then
echo "The Oracle base has been set to $ORACLE_BASE"
fi
fi
export ORACLE_BASE
else
if [ "$SILENT" != "true" ]; then
echo "The $ORACLE_HOME/bin/orabase binary does not have execute privilege"
echo "for the current user, $USER. Rerun the script after changing"
echo "the permission of the mentioned executable."
echo "You can set ORACLE_BASE manually if it is required."
fi
fi
else
if [ "$SILENT" != "true" ]; then
echo "The $ORACLE_HOME/bin/orabase binary does not exist"
echo "You can set ORACLE_BASE manually if it is required."
fi
fi
else
if [ "$SILENT" != "true" ]; then
echo "ORACLE_BASE environment variable is not being set since this"
echo "information is not available for the current user ID $USER."
echo "You can set ORACLE_BASE manually if it is required."
fi
fi
if [ ${ORACLE_BASE:-"x"} = "x" ]; then
if [ "$SILENT" != "true" ]; then
echo "Resetting ORACLE_BASE to its previous value or ORACLE_HOME";
fi
if [ "$OLD_ORACLE_BASE" != "" ]; then
ORACLE_BASE=$OLD_ORACLE_BASE ;
if [ "$SILENT" != "true" ]; then
echo "The Oracle base remains unchanged with value $OLD_ORACLE_BASE";
fi
else
ORACLE_BASE=$ORACLE_HOME ;
if [ "$SILENT" != "true" ]; then
echo "The Oracle base has been set to $ORACLE_HOME";
fi
fi
export ORACLE_BASE ;
fi
#
# Install any "custom" code here
#